See onus on Wiktionary
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃en(H)-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃én(H)os\nProto-Italic *onos\nLatin onuslbor.\nEnglish onus\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"burden\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"burden\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"burden\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃en(H)-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃én(H)os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*onos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"onus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"onus\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-id=\"burden\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"onus\" id=\"English:_burden\">",
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"sense": "legal obligation",
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],
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},
{
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"roman": "gimu",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "義務"
},
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"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sekinin",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "責任"
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"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "legal obligation",
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],
"word": "obowiązek prawny"
},
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"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pravovoje objazatelʹstvo",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
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"word": "obaveza"
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"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "sorumluluk"
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"ref": "1883, Henry Drummond, Natural Law in the Spiritual World:",
"text": "The argument is founded on a principle which is now acknowledged to be universal; and the onus of disproof must lie with those who may be bold enough to take up the position that a region exists where at last the Principle of Continuity fails.",
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"(law) Burden of proof, onus probandi."
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"_dis1": "2 88 3 0 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"word": "důkazní břemeno"
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"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "charge de la preuve"
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"word": "Beweislast"
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"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
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],
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"_dis1": "2 88 3 0 7",
"code": "is",
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"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "sönnunarbyrði"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 88 3 0 7",
"code": "it",
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"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"word": "onere della prova"
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{
"_dis1": "2 88 3 0 7",
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"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sekinin",
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"word": "責任"
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"word": "ciężar dowodu"
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"lang_code": "ru",
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"ref": "1993, Dorothy Mermin, Godiva's Ride: Women of Letters in England, 1830-1880, page 19:",
"text": "Geraldine evades the onus of ambition by subordinating it to the service of her family, and escapes the onus of sexuality by bodily mutilation",
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"ref": "1977, Daniel Yergin, Shattered Peace: The Origins of the Cold War and the National Security State, page 6:",
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"ref": "2000, Beatles with Brian Roylance, Paul McCartney, John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr, The Beatles Anthology, page 174:",
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"ref": "2023 September 6, Anthony Lambert, “Train paths: more space for freight?”, in RAIL, number 991, page 34:",
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"ref": "2024 December 2, David Close, “Houston Texans head coach defends Azeez Al-Shaair as the NFL leans toward suspending the linebacker, source says”, in CNN:",
"text": "“A lot of the quarterbacks in this day and age, they try to take advantage of the rule where they slide late, and they try to get an extra yard. And now you’re a defender, a lot of onus is on the defender, right?”",
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"code": "cs",
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"text": "Geraldine evades the onus of ambition by subordinating it to the service of her family, and escapes the onus of sexuality by bodily mutilation",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"type": "quotation"
}
],
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],
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"ref": "2000, Beatles with Brian Roylance, Paul McCartney, John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr, The Beatles Anthology, page 174:",
"text": "The onus isn't on us to produce something great every time. The onus is on the public to decide whether they like it or not.",
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"ref": "2023 September 6, Anthony Lambert, “Train paths: more space for freight?”, in RAIL, number 991, page 34:",
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"type": "quotation"
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"ref": "2024 December 2, David Close, “Houston Texans head coach defends Azeez Al-Shaair as the NFL leans toward suspending the linebacker, source says”, in CNN:",
"text": "“A lot of the quarterbacks in this day and age, they try to take advantage of the rule where they slide late, and they try to get an extra yard. And now you’re a defender, a lot of onus is on the defender, right?”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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"Responsibility",
"responsibility#English"
],
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]
],
"tags": [
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"tags": [
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}
],
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{
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"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
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"tags": [
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],
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},
{
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"tags": [
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],
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},
{
"code": "cs",
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"lang_code": "cs",
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"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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},
{
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"lang_code": "cs",
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],
"word": "břímě"
},
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"tags": [
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],
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},
{
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"lang_code": "nl",
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"tags": [
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],
"word": "plicht"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "responsabilité"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pflicht"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dualgas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "onere"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "gimu",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "義務"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sekinin",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "責任"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "obowiązek prawny"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pravovoje objazatelʹstvo",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "правовое обязательство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "objazatelʹstvo",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обязательство"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "obaveza"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "sorumluluk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "yük"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "ısr",
"sense": "legal obligation",
"word": "اصر"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"word": "důkazní břemeno"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"word": "důkazní povinnost"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "last"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bewijslast"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "charge de la preuve"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beweislast"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"dated",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Onus"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sönnunarbyrði"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"word": "onere della prova"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sekinin",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"word": "責任"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ciężar dowodu"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "bremja dokazatelʹstva",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бремя доказательства"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "burden of proof",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "teret dokaza"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "sekinin",
"sense": "blame",
"word": "責任"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "blame",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "breme"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "responsibility, burden",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "povinnost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "responsibility, burden",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odpovědnost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "responsibility, burden",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "břímě"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "responsibility, burden",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "onus"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "ojhe",
"sense": "responsibility, burden",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ओझे"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "bhār",
"sense": "responsibility, burden",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भार"
}
],
"word": "onus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃en(H)-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Taxation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gravis onus"
},
{
"word": "onerārius"
},
{
"word": "onerō"
},
{
"word": "onerōsus"
},
{
"word": "onus probandī"
},
{
"word": "onustus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"semi-learned borrowing",
"semi-learned"
],
"word": "onere"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"semi-learned borrowing",
"semi-learned"
],
"word": "òniri"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "onus"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "onus"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "Onus"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "ónus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-pro:*onos<id:burden>",
"id": "burden",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃en(H)-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃én(H)os\nProto-Italic *onos\nLatin onus\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*onos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"onus\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"burden\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"onus\" id=\"Latin:_burden\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*onos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *onos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃én(H)os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃én(H)os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अनस्",
"3": "",
"4": "heavy cart; mother; birth; offspring",
"tr": "ánas"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अनस् (ánas, “heavy cart; mother; birth; offspring”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₃en(H)-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃én(H)os\nProto-Italic *onos\nLatin onus\nFrom Proto-Italic *onos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃én(H)os, from the root *h₃en(H)-. Cognate with Sanskrit अनस् (ánas, “heavy cart; mother; birth; offspring”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "oneris",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "onus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "onera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "oneris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "onerum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "onerī",
"links": [
[
"onerī",
"oneri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oneribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "onus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "onera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "onere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oneribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "onus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "onera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "onus/oner<3>"
},
"expansion": "onus n (genitive oneris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "onus/oner<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"burden, load"
],
"links": [
[
"burden",
"burden"
],
[
"load",
"load"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mōlēs"
},
{
"word": "pondus"
},
{
"word": "gravitās"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cargo, freight"
],
"links": [
[
"cargo",
"cargo"
],
[
"freight",
"freight"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tax, tax burden"
],
"links": [
[
"tax",
"tax"
],
[
"tax",
"tax"
],
[
"burden",
"burden"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) tax, tax burden"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɔ.nʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɔː.nus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "onus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for onus meaning in All languages combined (19.5kB)
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"onus"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "onus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"onus"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "onus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"onus"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "onus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2530",
"msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
"path": [
"onus"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "onus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.